Subaru All-Wheel Drive

How Subaru’s All-Wheel Drive Works and Why It Matters

If you’ve ever driven a Subaru—or even just looked into buying one—you’ve probably heard about their legendary all-wheel drive (AWD) system. Subaru has built its entire brand around confidence, control, and capability, and much of that comes down to one thing: symmetrical all-wheel drive. But what exactly does that mean? Why is it different from the AWD systems used by other automakers? And most importantly, why should it matter to you?

In this article, we’re breaking down how Subaru’s AWD system works in simple terms, what makes it special, and why it’s a game-changer for everything from daily commutes to mountain adventures.

Subaru All-Wheel Drive

What Is All-Wheel Drive?

Let’s start with the basics. All-wheel drive means power is sent to all four wheels of the vehicle, as opposed to just the front or the rear. This provides better traction, especially on slippery surfaces like rain-soaked roads, snow-covered highways, or gravel trails.

Not all AWD systems are created equal, though. Some are part-time systems that only engage the rear wheels when the front ones slip. Others have a delay in power transfer that can reduce reaction time when traction is needed most.

That’s where Subaru stands apart. Their system is always on, always ready.

What Makes Subaru’s AWD System Special?

Subaru uses a Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system. That word “symmetrical” is more than just a marketing term—it’s the key to how the system works.

Here’s what sets it apart:

1. A Balanced Layout

Subaru’s engines are mounted longitudinally (front-to-back), and their AWD systems are laid out in a straight line—engine, transmission, driveshaft, and axles—right down the center of the vehicle. This is what “symmetrical” refers to: a balanced, mirror-like drivetrain layout.

Why does that matter? Because balance equals stability. A centered drivetrain reduces torque steer (that weird pull you sometimes feel when accelerating) and helps the car stay planted during cornering and sudden maneuvers.

2. Full-Time AWD

Unlike many competitors, Subaru doesn’t use a part-time system that only kicks in when the car senses wheel slip. Instead, Subaru’s AWD system is active all the time, automatically distributing power where it’s needed most—front to back and side to side.

That means if you’re driving down a highway and hit a patch of ice, Subaru’s AWD is already working, adjusting power to maintain traction without you having to do a thing.

3. Tailored to the Transmission

Subaru doesn’t take a one-size-fits-all approach. They’ve developed different versions of their AWD system depending on the type of transmission in the car:

  • Manual Transmission models use a viscous-coupling center differential that splits power 50/50 between the front and rear.
  • Automatic Transmission models (non-CVT) use an electronically controlled hydraulic transfer clutch to vary power depending on traction needs.
  • CVT-equipped Subarus use Active Torque Split AWD, which starts with a 60/40 front/rear power distribution and adjusts dynamically.
  • Performance models like the WRX STI feature the Driver Controlled Center Differential (DCCD) that lets drivers tweak torque distribution manually for ultimatecontrol.

Each setup is designed to maximize traction while maintaining Subaru’s core principle: balance.

Subaru All-Wheel Drive

Real-World Benefits of Subaru AWD

Subaru’s AWD system isn’t just a cool technical feature—it delivers real advantages in everyday driving and extreme conditions.

1. Confidence in Bad Weather

Whether you’re tackling Colorado snowstorms or navigating slick city streets after a summer rain, Subaru’s AWD system offers peace of mind. It constantly monitors traction and adjusts power so you stay in control, even when the road surface changes without warning.

2. Better Handling

The symmetrical layout improves vehicle stability, especially around corners. You’re less likely to feel your car “fighting” against itself in tight turns or swerving unexpectedly in sudden maneuvers.

3. Ready Off-Road and Adventure

With higher ground clearance than many sedans and hatchbacks, plus AWD traction, Subarus are favorites among hikers, campers, and outdoor adventurers. Whether you’re heading up a mountain trail or just a gravel road to a cabin, Subaru’s AWD helps you get there with ease.

4. Everyday Safety

Even if you’re not heading off the grid, Subaru’s AWD can make daily life safer. From icy school drop-offs to surprise potholes, you’ve got a system designed to keep all four wheels planted and pulling, not slipping.

AWD vs 4WD: What’s the Difference?

It’s easy to confuse AWD with 4WD (four-wheel drive), but they’re not quite the same. AWD is usually full-time and automatic—it works in the background, distributing power wherever needed without input from the driver.

4WD, on the other hand, is typically a part-time system designed for rugged, low-speed off-road use. You’ll find it in trucks and some SUVs, and it usually requires you to manually engage or disengage it.

Subaru’s AWD is more suited to real-world conditions—wet roads, snow, gravel, and daily driving. You don’t have to think about it. It just works.

Subaru AWD: A Legacy of Innovation

Subaru introduced full-time AWD to the U.S. market in the mid-1980s—well before it became a mainstream feature in passenger vehicles. Since then, they’ve committed to perfecting the system, and today, every Subaru model (except the BRZ) comes standard with AWD.

That’s not a common feature among other automakers, who often charge extra for AWD or only include it on top-tier trims. Subaru builds it in from the start.

Why It Matters to You

Here’s the big picture: Subaru’s all-wheel drive isn’t just about tackling snow or rough roads—it’s about building a car that can handle life. Whether you’re commuting to work, picking up kids from school, or planning a cross-country trip through changing terrain, having an AWD system that works full-time and is engineered for balance gives you a real-world advantage.

It’s one of the key reasons Subaru owners tend to be so loyal—because the AWD system quietly supports you through life’s unpredictable moments.

Subaru All-Wheel Drive

Get Expert Subaru Service at Pleiades Automotive

At Pleiades Automotive, we know Subaru AWD systems inside and out—because Subarus are our specialty. Founded by Joe and Leo, both former Subaru dealership techs, we bring over 30 years of combined experience to every vehicle we service. From routine maintenance to drivetrain repairs, we’ve got the skills and tools to keep your Subaru performing at its best.

Whether you drive a Crosstrek, Outback, Forester, or WRX, your Subaru’s AWD system deserves expert care. Our ASE Master Certified team uses only Original Equipment (OE) parts and cutting-edge diagnostic tools to ensure your Subaru stays safe, balanced, and road-ready.

Ready to give your Subaru the service it deserves?

Call us at +1 303-953-1391 or book your appointment online today. Trust your all-wheel drive to the Subaru specialists at Pleiades Automotive.